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e5du7_v1 The Gold Goblet with Imperial Tyches in the Avar Treasure The golden chalice with four tyches has a conflict between its type and figure, that is, a 6th to 7th century product with patterns prevailed two centuries earlier. In the increasing Christian atmosphere since the age of Justinian I, chalice was already connected with liturgy and depicted the Christ and Saints. When thinking a Byzantine Christian seeing the out-dated pagan goddess in the place of his familiar and respectable saints, the conflict between the type and figure seems more outstanding. The burial custom in the first period of the Avar history (568-630) shed a light on the current question. In the high-class graves the male and female were presented in a telling different way. The male was accompanied with horse, weapon, and other military accessories. The female was offered with jewelries of Byzantine and Persian elements. The presentation of female with splendid attire possibly reflected the special role of women in showing the military and diplomatic victories of the Avars. Is it possible that the Avar Khans selected the pattern of tyches on the goblet instead of the saints with strong religious meaning? When viewing the Roman goddess in the golden cup, they constructed the image of Byzantine Empire in their own way. 2025-01-22T16:11:12.991553 2025-01-27T21:27:40.866350 2025-01-27T21:27:30.857896     bodoarxiv 1 accepted 1 1 https://doi.org/10.34055/osf.io/e5du7 No license   [] Lin Ying [{"id": "crkfe", "name": "Lin Ying", "index": 0, "orcid": "0000-0001-8346-1635", "bibliographic": true}] Lin Ying Medieval Studies [{"id": "5c9129759141520017f39f59", "text": "Medieval Studies"}] https://osf.io/download/679119056990e8ab2a7c229b 0   not_applicable not_applicable []   2025-04-09T21:06:23.629180
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