preprints_ui: mzv5u_v1
Data license: ODbL (database) & original licenses (content) · Data source: Open Science Framework
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| mzv5u_v1 | Sources of cognitive conflict and their relevance to Theory of Mind proficiency in healthy ageing. A preregistered study. | Age-related decline in Theory of Mind (ToM) may be due to waning executive control, which is necessary for resolving conflict when reasoning about others’ mental states. We assessed how older (OA; n=50) versus younger adults (YA; n=50) were affected by three theoretically relevant sources of conflict within ToM: competing Self-Other perspectives; competing cued locations and outcome knowledge. We examined which best accounted for age-related difficulty with ToM. Our data show unexpected similarity between age groups when representing a belief incongruent with one’s own. Individual differences in attention and motor response speed best explained the degree of conflict experienced through conflicting Self-Other perspectives. However, OAs were disproportionately affected by managing conflict between cued locations. Age and spatial working memory were most relevant for predicting the magnitude of conflict elicited by conflicting cued locations. We suggest that previous studies may have underestimated OA’s ToM proficiency by including unnecessary conflict in ToM tasks. FURTHER INFORMATION: Please also see our reanalysis following updated guidelines on the use of the AQ-10 as a screening tool; this reanalysis shows that these changes do not impact the key findings of this research. https://psyarxiv.com/dnu47/ | 2018-11-09T17:15:01.598055 | 2023-02-02T17:27:19.825636 | 2018-11-09T17:19:44.242986 | psyarxiv | 1 | accepted | 1 | 1 | https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mzv5u | CC-By Attribution 4.0 International | Theory of Mind; ageing; attention; false belief; mentalizing; open data; open materials; open science; perspective taking; social cognition | ["Theory of Mind", "ageing", "attention", "false belief", "mentalizing", "open data", "open materials", "open science", "perspective taking", "social cognition"] | Foyzul Rahman; Sabrina Javed; Ian Apperly; Peter Hansen; Carol Holland; Klaus Kessler; Charlotte Hartwright | [{"id": "ynquh", "name": "Foyzul Rahman", "index": 0, "orcid": "", "bibliographic": true}, {"id": "5ff5v", "name": "Sabrina Javed", "index": 1, "orcid": null, "bibliographic": true}, {"id": "bn56q", "name": "Ian Apperly", "index": 2, "orcid": "0000-0001-9485-563X", "bibliographic": true}, {"id": "nx578", "name": "Peter Hansen", "index": 3, "orcid": null, "bibliographic": true}, {"id": "qhymd", "name": "Carol Holland", "index": 4, "orcid": null, "bibliographic": true}, {"id": "bxdwu", "name": "Klaus Kessler", "index": 5, "orcid": "0000-0001-7307-9539", "bibliographic": true}, {"id": "vydk8", "name": "Charlotte Hartwright", "index": 6, "orcid": "0000-0002-1197-7541", "bibliographic": true}] | Foyzul Rahman | Social and Behavioral Sciences; Developmental Psychology; Social and Personality Psychology; Social Cognition; Cognitive Psychology; Aging; Attention | [{"id": "5b4e7425c6983001430b6c1e", "text": "Social and Behavioral Sciences"}, {"id": "5b4e7425c6983001430b6c2d", "text": "Developmental Psychology"}, {"id": "5b4e7425c6983001430b6c34", "text": "Social and Personality Psychology"}, {"id": "5b4e7427c6983001430b6c6d", "text": "Social Cognition"}, {"id": "5b4e7427c6983001430b6c8c", "text": "Cognitive Psychology"}, {"id": "5b4e7427c6983001430b6c98", "text": "Aging"}, {"id": "5b4e7428c6983001430b6cd5", "text": "Attention"}] | https://osf.io/download/5be5c0949ed85c001b265ae5 | 0 | available | available | ["https://osf.io/dc8ce"] | prereg_both | 2025-04-09T19:17:35.235252 |